[Editor’s note: This is chapter 4 in “Life on the Edge.”]
By Bonnie Hawkins
My parents began their married life in an apartment in Los Gatos, but soon they started building their own home in San Jose. Their first child, my sister Linda Muriel, was born on February 5, 1941, at O’Connor Hospital in San Jose. That was just ten months before Japan bombed Pearl Harbor and our country entered World War II. Uncle Rich, my dad’s younger brother, joined the Navy before the war started, and soon after that, he found himself in the fighting. We have letters written by Uncle Rich while he was stationed in San Diego. Rich wrote to Mom and Dad on December 18, 1941, just 10 days after war was formally declared by Congress.
“Dear Ruth and Joe,
“When we leave here we’ll likely go right to the Pacific fleet. I signed up for aviation radio again, but doubt I can pass the physical exam, eyes and teeth; hope I make it though.
“I’m more anxious to see Linda than I am to see you monkeys. I sure got a kick out of Ruth saying Linda’s got her wires crossed and says ‘mama’ for ‘bye-bye.’
“Sailors are sure popular now—I knew we’d be discovered. Even before this thing broke, we could have been more fun than people, but now—wow! Well, I’ll say ‘mama’ for a while and write soon. Best regards to your family, Ruth, and love to all. Rich.”
Richard Hansen in 1941
Uncle Rich and my dad were very close. They loved to tease each other. I wish I had known him. His plane was shot down just six months after this letter was written, one year after he enlisted. He was posthumously awarded the Distinguished Flying Cross and the Purple Heart. Dad tried to join the service when war was declared in 1941, but the military wouldn’t take him because he was deaf in one ear.
Mom and Dad decided to do what many other people were doing—join the effort to support the war by working in the ship-building industry. Our country was unprepared for the magnitude of a world war, so we had to play catch-up in a hurry.
After selling their house in San Jose, Mom and Dad moved to Richmond, California (near Oakland), where Joe became a machinist, and Ruth worked as a welder or “burner” in the Richmond shipyards. Since unemployment in this country was very high during the great depression of the 30s, supporting the war effort, for many people,
Joe Hansen is second from left, first row.
was also a great opportunity for jobs. Whether they came for economic reasons or for patriotism, more than 93,000 workers from around the country came to work in the Richmond shipyards during the war, and it became the world’s largest producer of ships, putting out one ship a day by the end of the war.
I am Born
For me, it all started with my birth, February 24, 1943, right in the middle of World War II and almost exactly two years after Linda was born. Mom named me Bonnie Jo, and I was born in a hospital in Albany, California, which was close to Richmond. Our mother had done extensive research to find names for Linda and me that meant both pretty and good in every language she could find.
The United States, Britain, France, Canada, and many other countries were known as the Allies. We were at war with Germany, Italy, and Japan, which were known as the Axis. Germany started the war in 1938 by invading and conquering Poland, Austria, France, and many other countries that surrounded it.
The United States entered the war when Japan dropped bombs on Pearl Harbor, Hawaii. Hawaii was not a state at that time, but it was our territory, and we had a navy base and many ships sitting in the harbor there. It was called a “sneak attack” because Japan had not declared war on us, and no one was expecting it.
The war years were difficult for civilians, as many things had to be rationed. In the U.S. nearly all food products, such as bread, meat, eggs and milk, were either rationed or impossible to get. Also rationed were gasoline, clothing, paper, ink, tires, wood and metal. Every family was issued a ration card based on the size of the family and the work they did and possibly other factors. Almost every country, but especially Great Britain, was even worse off than we were, as everything was sent to the military for the war effort. It was a time of shared sacrifice for everyone, which helped to unite our country.
Mom, Dad, Linda and I would live in Richmond from then until the war was over in 1945 when I was two.
Baby Spanking
My mom told me this story about my father many years after it happened. I have no memory of it at all, of course, as I was only six months old. That day Mom was out
Bonnie at six months
grocery shopping, and, while she was gone, my father spanked me until I was black and blue. When she got home and saw the bruises, she asked him why he had done that and he said, “She wouldn’t stop crying!”
Mom told me she was so angry, she hit him with a frying pan. I have never seen my mother hit anyone, but spanking a baby might be a good reason for it.
Since I was the second child, you’d think my dad would have figured out that spanking babies would not stop them from crying. In fact, it accomplished nothing except…more crying. But the truth was, my dad was incompetent in his role of fatherhood. He didn’t seem to have a clue.
Living at Grandma and Grandpa’s House
We visited our grandparents often and also lived with them during the off season of what I call “the harvesting years” between 1945 and 1950. I remember feeling safe and loved at Grandma’s. Her kitchen always smelled good, like cookies and pies, and that’s because she baked a lot of desserts.
She called me her “cookie girl” because I loved to eat the cookies she baked. When nobody was looking I would push a kitchen chair over to the counter, climb up on it and, faster than you could say “Bonnie’s in the cookie jar,” I would have eaten one cookie and had two more in my little hands.
Grandma had two cats that we got to call our own when we lived there. Linda’s cat was named Fluffy. Fluffy was a dainty little female and quite particular. But my cat, Ginger, was an old tomcat. Many times Ginger got into fights at night, and the next day I would try to fix his boo-boos and take care of him. I think he didn’t like it much when I tried to put band aids on his cuts, and as a consequence I was scratched more times than I like to say. I never seemed to believe that he didn’t want my help. He did sometimes allow me to carry him, though, and rock him back and forth when I felt sorry for him.
Linda, 4, and Bonnie, 2
Learning Good Manners
Mom and Grandma taught us children to have good manners. They corrected our table manners and insisted that we say “please” and “thank you” for everything we received. They taught us to get up and give our chair to an older person as soon as they walked in the room, not to interrupt adults when they were talking and countless other behaviors—from using good grammar to never saying a naughty word and never, ever telling a lie. Mom was teaching us to become civilized, and our grandmother reinforced all those lessons.
Whenever we veered from those lessons—and we often did—we were careful not to do it in front of anyone who might be likely to punish us or tell on us. Now, quite often, that meant that we had to break the “no-lying” rule.
As for me, I considered the “no-lying” rule to be more of a suggestion. I was pretty sure that everyone actually expected me to lie. Since I believed they often lied, too, it wasn’t exactly a bad thing to do, especially when adults called it a “white lie” or a “fib” or some other word to make it sound okay.
Sometimes I was spanked, but most often I was sent to my room “to think about it.” I’m sure I never really thought about it. I daydreamed, looked at my books or maybe took a nap, and I entertained myself very well.
As a result of not getting a stiffer punishment, you may think I wasn’t likely to have learned my good-manners lessons. While it’s true that it wasn’t apparent right away, I did finally get some sense, and as an adult I do pretty much follow those good-manners rules today. Well, except for the one about lying; we all know everyone tells a fib now and then.
The Way Things Were in the ‘40s and ‘50s
I fell out of moving cars at least twice when I was young. It may have been a fairly common event for kids because there were no seat belts in those days, and the doors didn’t always lock.
One time, when Dad was driving a truck, I was sitting on Mom’s lap on the passenger side. As he turned a corner, the door swung open, and Mom and I fell out together. She held on to me so I fell on top of her. Mom told me later about this as I was too young to remember it at the time. She said the door was defective and she absorbed the worst of the fall.
At about age six, I recall falling out of another car, this time from the back seat. I had lots of cuts and scrapes all down one leg and arm. I can still remember the sting of the red liquid antiseptic known as Merthiolate, which was poured over my cuts as I lay on the dining room floor. Mom and Grandma kept telling me to stop crying, which I couldn’t seem to do. That was a common theme also. We were not supposed to cry unless we were very badly hurt, and even then, it was never okay to cry more than absolutely necessary. The common words adults used when children cried were, “Stop crying or I’ll give you something to cry about.”
And then there was the time, at age four or five, that I poked a weed of some sort into Grandma’s dog’s ear. I don’t know what possessed me to do it, but the result was that the dog had to be taken to the vet. That cost a lot of money, and everyone seemed to be worried about the dog. Although the dog turned out to be fine, I was told that I would get a spanking when my dad came home. At that time, our trailer was parked in Grandma’s back yard, because it was early spring when there was no harvesting.
I worried and worried about the spanking I was going to get. I had to stay in the trailer by myself and wait for it. It seemed as if many hours went by as I made myself sick with anxiety. I kept hoping Dad would never come home, but eventually he did. And when he came through the door, he unbuckled his belt, and I knew what was coming.
It meant a belt spanking which was the worst kind. I backed up, trying to get myself under the table and into a corner where he couldn’t reach me, but he easily reached out and grabbed me by the arm. Of course, I begged him not to spank me, but he did it anyway. He spanked my bottom a couple of good whacks with his belt, and it was over. What I went through waiting for the spanking was infinitely worse than the spanking itself. Since my dad didn’t know how to counter the spanking with hugs or reassuring words, I became a little more afraid of him each time he spanked me.
After I grew up, I became opposed to spanking, which is just another word for hitting. It seems to me that violence toward anyone can’t be a good thing, no matter what you call it or who is doing it. There are better ways to teach children not to misbehave than to hit them, but for that time, it was the accepted way of punishing your children. One of the common expressions we all heard was “spare the rod and spoil the child.” I’m pretty sure there were people who used an actual rod or stick to hit their kids, although, luckily for us, it wasn’t done in our family.
The Good Old Days?
Those days—and I’m talking about the late ‘40s and early ‘50s—were what most people like to think of as the “good old days.” People usually didn’t see a doctor unless there was a pretty serious injury or illness. Children did many things that would be considered very risky today, but in those days it was just a part of growing up.
We must have thought that crime was going to happen somewhere else, as we often left our doors unlocked. We weren’t afraid to talk to strangers, but we had civil defense drills at school in case the Russians came over to bomb us. People called it “the age of innocence,” but it seems to me that we were afraid of all the things that weren’t likely to happen and not afraid or prepared enough for the things that were actually happening.
For example, sex crimes were taking place that we never heard about, and drunk driving and domestic violence were tolerated. If there was a drug problem, we had never heard of it. Many adults smoked cigarettes which were advertised everywhere with doctors and famous movie stars recommending different brands.
The standard for middle-class homes was usually two or three bedrooms and one and a half baths, with a living room, kitchen and dining room. Nobody I knew had a family room, office or den. The newer homes were being built with a garage to hold two cars, instead of the usual one, because more women were learning to drive and working outside the home. Most city homes had one phone which was usually in a hallway or living room. The average household was on a party line, meaning more than one family had the same line, but we had different phone numbers and different rings.
There was no television for most people, at least not until the late ‘50s, so we all read books, played games or listened to the radio. There was usually only one radio in each household, and in Grandma’s house it was in the kitchen. Everyone who wanted to hear the radio show would congregate around it and for some reason I still don’t understand, we all looked at the radio as we listened to it.”
Another difference was that there seemed to be a lot more interaction between family members. Since nobody had a cell phone or computer, there weren’t any electronic distractions as there are today. We were pretty much forced to talk to each other, and I think it was a good thing, for the most part. (However, I must admit that I love using all the electronic gadgets that have come my way over the years, including the computer that I’m using to write this memoir.)
All the children in our family went to Sunday school on Sundays while the adults were in church. When we were living at Grandma’s, we all went to the Presbyterian church. After the little kids got out of Sunday school, we’d all make a mad dash for Mr. Hershey who was always waiting for us in front of the church door. I never knew Mr. Hershey’s real name, but that’s what we called him, because he’d hand out Hershey bars to all of us kids every Sunday. Those were the days when you could buy a full size candy bar for five cents.
Then our grandparents would get us in the car to go home, and we kids would call “dibs” on who would be the first to read the “funnies.” That’s what we called the comic pages of the Sunday newspaper.
We could always be sure Grandma would fix a big Sunday afternoon dinner and there would be lots of people at the table. On many occasions, when there was a large crowd, the grownups ate at the dining room table, and the children ate in the kitchen at the “kids table.”
I liked it when we ate at the kids table because we had more fun. Nobody was watching to make sure you used good manners. And, best of all, they couldn’t tell if you ate everything on your plate. That was important to me because I hardly ever wanted to eat much of anything on my plate. Many are the times we all heard, “C’mon now, eat your dinner. Think how lucky you are to have all this good food when the poor kids in China are starving.” I’m sure I often grumbled that those kids could eat my food any time they wanted to.
Every night after we got our pajamas on, Linda and I were taught to get on our knees next to our beds and say the prayer, “Now I lay me down to sleep, I pray the Lord my soul to keep. If I should die before I wake, I pray the Lord my soul to take. God bless everybody. Amen.”
The part about “if I should die before I wake” was a little confusing, and I asked my mom about it. I knew that when people died, I never saw them again. I didn’t think they moved away. They just disappeared. And I wanted to know if I was going to die or go away before I woke up. Mom said, “Don’t worry about it. You’re not going to die.” Since she never lied to me, I believed her. And so far, she’s been right.
Next: “Life on the Road”